Rising majestically from the Arabian Sea, the Khanderi and Underi forts are not just relics of ancient military prowess but are also silent storytellers of a bygone era. Situated off the coast near Thal, a quaint village close to Alibaug in Maharashtra, these twin forts have been standing sentry over the waters since the 17th century, bearing witness to the tumultuous tides of history and time.
The origins of the Khanderi Fort, now known as Kanhoji Angre Island, trace back to 1679 when it was constructed by the Maratha Empire under the rule of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. The strategic location of Khanderi was pivotal for controlling the maritime trade routes and protecting the Maratha coastline from foreign powers. Not long after, in 1680, the Underi Fort was built by the Siddis of Janjira, originally known as Janjira Fort, to counter the Maratha stronghold on Khanderi. These forts served as formidable naval bases and were the focal points of several skirmishes and power struggles between the Marathas, the Siddis, and later, the British and the Portuguese, reflecting the complex geopolitical chessboard of the time.
Architecturally, Khanderi Fort is a marvel of Maratha military ingenuity. The fortifications are robust, designed to withstand both the ferocity of the sea and human adversaries. The fort includes a lighthouse, operational since 1867, which continues to guide modern-day vessels, a testament to its enduring utility. On the other hand, Underi Fort, though smaller, is no less intriguing. Its circular bastions and the unique layout reflect defensive strategies meticulously planned to fend off invasions. While traversing these forts, one can find remnants of ancient cannons and storerooms, each echoing tales of the past.
The local culture surrounding the forts is deeply rooted in the traditions of the Konkan region. The people here celebrate a rich tapestry of festivals like Ganesh Chaturthi and Makar Sankranti with fervor, where the communities come alive with music, dance, and vibrant processions. Visitors often find themselves enchanted by the cultural vibrancy that envelops the area, a reflection of the fortitude and resilience that characterize the local populace.
Culinary delights of the region are not to be missed. The Konkan cuisine is a delightful exploration of flavors, predominantly featuring seafood, coconut, and rice. Traditional dishes like Malvani fish curry, Bombil fry (Bombay duck), and sweet delights such as Modak offer a sensory experience that is both exotic and comforting. The local drink, Solkadhi, made from kokum and coconut milk, is a refreshing accompaniment to the spicy fare.
Beyond the historical and culinary allure, Khanderi and Underi hold lesser-known tales that intrigue the curious traveler. It is said that the forts are connected by an underwater tunnel, although its existence remains part of local lore more than documented fact. Another captivating story is that of Kanhoji Angre, a legendary Maratha naval chief who used Khanderi as his base, earning the title "Shivaji of the Sea" for his exploits against colonial powers.
For those planning to visit, the best time is between October and March, when the weather is most pleasant. Reaching the forts involves a short boat ride from Thal, and it's advisable to check the tide schedules for a safe journey. As you walk through the ancient corridors, look out for the striking views of the vast Arabian Sea that offer a perfect backdrop for photography enthusiasts. Ensure you're prepared for a bit of climbing as the terrain can be rugged, and don't forget to wear comfortable footwear.
In essence, exploring Khanderi and Underi forts is not merely a visit but a journey through time. It's a chance to immerse oneself in the rich tapestry of history, culture, and natural beauty that defines this unique corner of India. Whether you're a history buff, a cultural enthusiast, or simply a traveler in search of new vistas, these forts have stories to share and secrets to uncover.